Kṛṣṇa possesses unlimited qualities, but He specifically exhibited sixty-four qualities in human society. These qualities can be categorized as follows:
- Fifty Qualities common to Jīvātmā and Kṛṣṇa:
- These are shared attributes between all living beings (jīvātmā) and Kṛṣṇa.
- Five Qualities common to Śiva and Kṛṣṇa:
- These qualities are shared by Lord Śiva and Kṛṣṇa.
- Five Qualities common to Nārāyaṇa and Kṛṣṇa:
- These are qualities that both Lord Nārāyaṇa and Kṛṣṇa possess.
- Two and a Half Qualities common to Rāma and Kṛṣṇa:
- These are shared attributes between Lord Rāma and Kṛṣṇa.
- One and a Half Qualities Unique to Kṛṣṇa:
- These qualities are exclusively present in Lord Kṛṣṇa.
Among these sixty-four qualities, Bhagavān’s beauty shines prominently. For Gauḍiya Vaiṣṇavas, Śrī (beauty) is considered the most important quality.
Let’s delve into the sweet qualities of Lord Kṛṣṇa, focusing on His beauty and other attributes.
- Suramyaaṅgaḥ (Beauty): This quality refers to one whose limbs are exceptionally beautiful. In the Gauḍiya Vaiṣṇava tradition, when we discuss Lord Kṛṣṇa in Vṛndāvana, His beauty (śrī) takes center stage. Let’s explore some aspects of His divine form:
Face: Kṛṣṇa’s face is compared to the moon, radiating a gentle and captivating glow.
Thighs: His thighs resemble an elephant’s trunk, symbolizing strength and grace.
Shoulders: Like sturdy pillars, His shoulders support the weight of the universe.
Hands: His hands resemble delicate lotus flowers, signifying purity and compassion.
Chest: Kṛṣṇa’s chest is expansive, akin to a wide door, welcoming all devotees.
Waist: His waist is slender, adding to His overall aesthetic appeal.
Softness: His entire body exudes softness, inviting affection and devotion.
2. Sarva-sat-lakṣānvitaḥ (Possessing All Good Qualities): Lord Kṛṣṇa embodies every positive attribute. His character is flawless, and His actions are guided by wisdom, compassion, and love.
3. Rucira (Invoking Interest and Pleasure): Kṛṣṇa’s beauty captivates not only devotees but even asuras (demonic beings). For instance:
- Jharāsandha and Kāliya: These asuras momentarily appreciated Kṛṣṇa’s beauty but later succumbed to their hatred and ill intentions.
- Ānanda (Bliss): Bhagavān’s quality lies in granting bliss to anyone who beholds Him. This joy is inherent in the object (Kṛṣṇa) and not dependent on the observer (seer). Devotees, through their unwavering bhakti, can sustain this bliss.
- Asuras vs. Sura: While asuras experience fleeting pleasure, devotees relish ever-deepening joy by appreciating Kṛṣṇa’s beauty.
Kṛṣṇa’s beauty transcends mere physical appearance—it encompasses His divine qualities, which inspire devotion and love in the hearts of His devotees.
4.Tejasaḥ (Effulgence and Influence): Bhagavān’s qualities resonate throughout the universe. His form emits a radiant effulgence that leaves a lasting impact on all who behold Him. Even asuras like Cāṇūra and Muṣṭika were awestruck by His divine glow in the wrestling arena. This effect isn’t limited to devotees; it touches both suras (divine beings) and asuras (demonic entities). However, in non-devotees, it fades quickly, whereas in devotees, it lingers, deepening their connection.
Kṛṣṇa’s speech isn’t just about language—it’s a divine expression that resonates with love, wisdom, and truth.
5. Bala (Strength): Kṛṣṇa’s strength is awe-inspiring. He effortlessly lifted Govardhan Hill, much like an elephant lifting a small ball. Similarly, He tossed Ariṣṭāsura—a massive demon whose head touched the sky—like a child playing with a cotton ball. His divine might transcends ordinary limits.
6.Vyasānvitaḥ (Beautiful Kiśora Form): In His youthful kiśora form, Kṛṣṇa’s beauty reaches its pinnacle. His enchanting appearance captivates hearts, drawing devotees into ever-deepening love and devotion.
7.Speech: Bhagavān’s speech possesses remarkable qualities:
Vividhaadbhutabhāṣāvit (Multilingual): Kṛṣṇa understands and speaks various languages, including the celestial language of birds and even Sanskrit, the language of the demigods.
Satya-vāk, one whose words cannot be false. He always speaks the truth.
8.Priyam-vadhaḥ (Speaking dearly Even to Enemies): Kṛṣṇa’s words are filled with affection, even when addressing adversaries. For instance:
- Kāliya: When Kāliya, the venomous serpent, polluted the Yamunā River, Kṛṣṇa chastised him but also showed kindness by sparing his life.
- Pauṇḍraka: Despite Pauṇḍraka’s false claim of being Lord Viṣṇu, Kṛṣṇa engaged in playful dialogue with him, revealing the truth without malice.
9.Vāva-duḥkh (Clever and Endearing Speech): Kṛṣṇa’s words are both clever and endearing. His playful exchanges with the gopīs (cowherd maidens) in Vṛndāvana exemplify this quality. His sweet and witty responses captivate hearts and create an intimate bond with devotees.
Kṛṣṇa’s speech isn’t just about language—it’s a divine expression that resonates with love, wisdom, and truth.
Indeed, contemplating these divine qualities brings us closer to the essence of devotion and the blissful experience of ānanda. May our hearts remain pure, receptive, and ever appreciative of Lord Kṛṣṇa’s beauty and grace.